tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20169907053565642712024-03-04T12:23:44.069-08:001,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoi1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.comBlogger142125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-89899099967959286382010-08-02T06:33:00.000-07:002010-08-02T06:34:21.771-07:00Hanoi plans special tours for millennial birthday Hanoi will organise seven special tourism programmes to celebrate the millennial birthday of the capital city in 2010, according to the Hanoi Cultural, Sports and Tourism Department.<br />
<a name='more'></a>Those tours aim to provide visitors with an insight into the history of the capital city, as well as the new developments of Hanoi .<br />
In particular, the “Journey to Vietnamese ancient capital cities” will take visitors from Hanoi to Phong Chau in the northern midland province of Phu Tho where the nation’s legendary founders – the Hung Kings – set up their capital, and then to the old seats of government of past dynasties including the Ho, the Le and the Nguyen.<br />
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There will be also a tour that focuses on Buddhism and the Ly dynasty which was known to have played a major role in popularising the religion in Vietnam . The tour covers famous pagodas, including Luy Lau, Yen Tu, Huong, and Tay Phuong and Thay pagodas.<br />
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The city’s tourism industry is working on programmes that feature museums in Hanoi like the Museums of History, Fine Arts, Military History, Ethnology and the Truong Son Trail, as well as traditional craft villages and ancient villages and citadels.<br />
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In addition, the tourism department is planning tours highlighting martial arts. The newly-emerged ecotourism area in Ba Vi will also become a destination on offer./.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-81509238340195321102010-08-01T22:11:00.001-07:002010-08-02T06:35:13.776-07:00VGP to open online talks on Thăng Long–Hà Nội’s millennium imprintsVGP – The Việt Nam Government Web Portal (VGP) will host an online talk, themed “Thousand-year imprints of Thăng Long–Hà Nội,” on July 3, the date marking 100 remaining days towards the grand anniversary of the capital city.<br />
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An electronic count-down clock to the millennium of Hà Nội<br />
In the remaining 100 days to the millennium anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, the capital city and other provinces nationwide will finalize all preparatory work for the grand ceremony.<br />
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Dr. Phùng Hữu Phú, Standing Deputy Director of the Party’s Central Committee for Communications and Education, also Director of the Propagation Subcommittee under the National Steering Committee for the 1000th anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, will be the guest to the talk.<br />
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Other speakers are Dr. Phạm Quang Long, Director of the Hà Nội Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, and Dr. Lưu Trần Tiêu, President of the Việt Nam Cultural Heritage Association.<br />
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The talk is centered on activities to raise the public awareness of and pride in thousand-year history of Hà Nội, preparatory work for the grand anniversary, and the conservation of tangible and intangible cultural heritages of the capital city.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-64432785604250125222010-08-01T22:10:00.001-07:002010-08-02T06:35:48.659-07:00Thang Long citadel to be considered for UNESCO recognitionThe World Heritage Committee will consider the request for the inscription of the Thang Long Royal Citadel on UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites when it convents its 34 th session in Brazil from July 25 to August 3.<br />
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According to a recent press release from UNESCO, at the meeting, 35 members of the World Heritage Convention will submit a list of sites for recognition.<br />
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Among 32 newly-submitted sites are six natural, 24 cultural and two natural-cultural heritage sites.<br />
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The committee will also evaluate the preservation of 31 recognised world heritage sites which are now in danger of being lost and consider adding new sites to the list.<br />
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Currently, the world heritage list comprises 890 sites, of which 689 are recognised for their cultural value, 176 for their natural value and 25 for their natural-cultural value to the world’s heritage./.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-16581419235305248422010-08-01T22:09:00.001-07:002010-08-02T06:36:29.930-07:00Talk show on millennium imprints of Thăng Long–Hà NộiVGP – A talk show was kick-started this morning at the headquarters of VGP in Hà Nội, focusing on the thousand-year civilization of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, the preparation for the city’s millennium anniversary, and the conservation of its tangible and intangible cultural heritages.<br />
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Dr. Phùng Hữu Phú (center), Standing Deputy Director of the Party’s Central Committee for Communications and Education, Director of the Propagation Subcommittee under the National Steering Committee for the 1000th anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, Dr. Phạm Quang Long (2nd from R), Director of the Hà Nội Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, and Dr. Lưu Trần Tiêu (1st from R), President of the Việt Nam Cultural Heritage Association, are guests to the talk show on millennium imprints of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, held by VGP on July 3, 2010 – Photo: VGP<br />
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The talks, themed “Thousand-year imprints of Thăng Long–Hà Nội,” draw the participation of three guest-speakers, Dr. Phùng Hữu Phú, Standing Deputy Director of the Party’s Central Committee for Communications and Education, Director of the Propagation Subcommittee under the National Steering Committee for the 1000th anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội, Dr. Phạm Quang Long, Director of the Hà Nội Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, and Dr. Lưu Trần Tiêu, President of the Việt Nam Cultural Heritage Association.<br />
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According to Dr. Lưu Trần Tiêu, Hà Nội is always the cradle of cultural values for thousands of years.<br />
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Researchers have discovered many sites within Hà Nội, which are dated back to the cultures of Phùng Nguyên (2nd millennium BC), Đồng Đậu, and Gò Mun (1st half of the 1st millennium BC).<br />
Recent archaeological discoveries at Thành Dền (suburban district of Mê Linh), especially bronze artefacts, prove the high metallurgical skills of the residents. The site can be considered as a major metallurgical center in the Red River Delta.<br />
Cổ Loa Temple in the suburban district of Đông Anh, Hà Nội<br />
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Mr. Tiêu mentioned the Cổ Loa Citadel (suburban district of Đông Anh) as a breakthrough which shows the ancient Vietnamese people’s strategic thinking in their march to the lowland.<br />
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Cổ Loa was the capital city of Việt Nam during the 3rd century BC and under the reign of Ngô Quyền (938-944). As a confluence of both land roads and waterways, Cổ Loa plays an important role in controlling the plains and the midlands.<br />
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“It is possible to say that, each and every historical stage of Việt Nam bears Hà Nội’s imprints,” stressed Dr. Tiêu.<br />
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He continued to hail the authorities of Hà Nội for endeavor for restoring cultural heritages, including the Ancient Quarter, four guardian temples, the Temple of Literature, Ba Đình Square, French-style villas, pagodas and temples, lakes, green areas, and Hanoian life styles.<br />
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The doctor suggested Hà Nội to build high-value works which will surely become heritages later though the city boasts for 5,170 historical and cultural sites, including 2,100 nationally-recognized ones.<br />
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Meanwhile, Mr. Phùng Hữu Phú asserted that Hà Nội possesses many strengths, of which the topmost is human resource because the capital city is always the convergence of talents and heroes from all corners of the country. “Hanoians are the crystallization of the Vietnamese people,” said Mr. Phú, adding that once this resource is brought into play well, the city will see more rapid and stronger development.<br />
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A model for the city gate on National Highway 5 linking Hà Nội and Hải Phòng City, idea by Architect Nguyễn Thế Hùng<br />
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Over the past days, the construction of city gates has emerged as an issue of public concern. Commenting this news, Mr. Phạm Quang Long stated that this is not an impromptu. However, it is necessary to carefully consider all factors, from location, design, materials and usage because these gates are “not for Hà Nội only but for the whole society, for the past, the present and the future.”<br />
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Talking of the grand anniversary which highlights the imprints of a thousand-year Thăng Long–Hà Nội, Mr. Phú underlined three features.<br />
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First, the anniversary will be a good chance to inventory the 1,000-year legacy which can be exploited in the future development of the capital city.<br />
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Second, this is a moment for each and every Hanoian in particular and Vietnamese in general to acquire a better insight in the thousand-year-old capital.<br />
Finally, on the occasion, some projects will be completed and will become valuable heritages around a century later.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-81200858682727495452010-08-01T22:07:00.000-07:002010-08-02T06:37:04.190-07:00Japan financially helps to preserve Thăng Long–Hà Nội cultural heritage siteVGP - UNESCO and the Hà Nội People’s Committee on Wednesday in Hà Nội signed the project “Preserving the cultural heritage site of Thăng Long-Hà Nội,” under which a Japanese trust fund will offer over US $1.1 million.<br />
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Vestiges of the imperial citadel of Thăng Long–Hà Nội<br />
The project is expected to help preserve the imperial citadel of Thăng Long and foster the sustainable development of the community.<br />
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At the signing ceremony, Hà Nội’s Vice Chairwoman Ngô Thị Thanh Hằng said that vestiges lying deep in the ground of the imperial citadel contain priceless historical and cultural values, proving the continual development of the Thăng Long Capital as well as the history of national construction and defense of Việt Nam.<br />
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She highly appreciated the UNESCO’s assistance in mobilizing funds of the Japanese Government and committed to effective implementation of the project.<br />
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The project is of importance because the city is preparing for its 1,000th anniversary and campaigning for the recognition of the central part of the imperial citadel as a world heritage site.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-60959671251279780332010-08-01T22:06:00.003-07:002010-08-02T07:07:08.415-07:00Thăng Long Royal Citadel opened for public visitorsVGP – Under the decision of Permanent Deputy PM Nguyễn Sinh Hùng, the Thăng Long Royal Citadel vestige complex will receive visitors on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội.<br />
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The Thăng Long Royal Citadel vestige complex is opened for visitors on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary of Thăng Long–Hà Nội – Illustration photo<br />
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The complex, unearthed in 2003, covers an area of over 18,000 m2 and is considered one of the largest and most spectacular archaeological discoveries in Việt Nam’s history.<br />
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At the heart of the site, a large number of remnants of the ancient imperial citadel were excavated at the depths of 0.9-1.9m (belonging to the Lê Dynasty, 15th-18th centuries); 1.9-3m (Lý and Trần Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries).<br />
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The oldest artifacts were discovered at the depth of 3-4.2m and dated back the 7th-9th centuries.<br />
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The antiquities prove that Thăng Long-Hà Nội has been the economic, political and cultural hub of Việt Nam for thousands of years. This was also a “crossroads” for cultural values from big countries and great civilizations like India, China and Southeast Asia.<br />
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As reported earlier, Việt Nam already proposed UNESCO to recognize the world cultural heritage status for the Thăng Long Royal Citadel.<br />
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The exhibition will surely provide domestic and foreign visitors with an insight in the Thăng Long Royal Citadel.<br />
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The event is a significant activity to mark the capital’s 1000th birthday.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-72984270637942036822010-08-01T22:06:00.001-07:002010-08-02T07:08:57.428-07:00Pottery from Thăng Long CitadelVGP - The new archaeological discoveries at the Thăng Long Citadel in Ba Đình District have opened up new doors for studies of Thăng Long pottery.<br />
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Pottery is a large part of Vietnamese culture and has been found in the Thăng Long Royal City through several dynasties. Of the pottery discovered, type and origin of the artifacts were exceedingly diverse. The kind of pottery found included a variety of glazed terra-cotta. The origins of the pottery varied from Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, to West Asian. The discovered pottery dates back from the 8th–9th centuries and the 19th century. This is a lively and convincing demonstration of the many aspects of social, cultural, and economic life of the Imperial Palace throughout history.<br />
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This article will present a discussion of the collection of Vietnamese pottery during the Lý, Trần and Lê Dynasties.<br />
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Pottery items under the Lý Dynasty<br />
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Pottery during the Lý Dynasty<br />
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Scientists and antique lovers have been deeply impressed by the pottery items under the Lý Dynasty found in the Citadel area. The reason for this is not only because of their beauty, but also because the quality of the pottery can be compared to craftsmanship in neighboring countries. The discovery of the Lý Dynasty pottery can be compared to the skill and sophistication of works from the Song Dynasty in China. Formerly, because of the lack of evidence, most foreign scholars presumed that all pottery from the Lý Dynasty came from China with the exception of some brown flower glazed pottery. In the past scholars did not believe that artisans from the Lý Dynasty could produce such sophisticated white and jade glazed ceramics. Various collections in Thăng Long from the Lý Dynasty were collected by the French in the early 20th century. Those that were collected were often referred to as “Song pottery.” Some Vietnamese scholars also shared the same viewpoint. They contended that under the Lý Dynasty the technology for pottery production were underdeveloped, and thus, the white and celadon glazes in this period were usually categorized as Song pottery.<br />
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However, this hypothesis has been shaken because of the new credible evidence found at the excavation site. In many spots, archaeologists have found a number of high quality porcelains with white glazes, green glazes, jade glazes, brown glazes, and yellow glazes from the Lý Dynasty.<br />
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The Lý period’s white glazes were immaculate and lustrous like those of the Song period, and the majority reached a level of quality equivalent to that of the Song. Many specimens indicate that in the Lý Dynasty, there were also white-blue glazes with similar motifs as the Southern Song pottery in Jingdezhen kilns. The key differences between Song and Lý white glazed ceramics are in the brightness of the glaze color, motifs, and underlining shape. There are difficulties distinguishing the difference in characteristics between white glazes of the Lý and the Song Dynasties. One way to distinguish between the two is examining the Lý pottery in detail. The shape of the dragons and the floral decorative motifs were similar to stone carved motifs on pagodas and towers during the Lý Dynasty (i.e. Chương Sơn Pagoda and Phật Tích Tower). This research will provide a clearer understanding of the white glazed ceramics of the Lý Dynasty.<br />
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Plates and bowls of the Lý Dynasty<br />
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Pieces of the white porcelain pedestal with dragon motifs and the porcelain pedestal with fairy motifs are vivid illustrations of the the highly developed techniques of white glazed porcelain making under the Lý period. Another convincing proof is that among the white porcelains found in the citadel, there were bowls, plates, box lids, lotus shaped lamp supports, etc., that were deformed or burnt because of over-firing, indicating that they were produced on the premises. A study of the big under-glazed pottery items, such as the dish with a 38 cm diameter hold at D5, shows that there is a high probability that there were pottery kilns nearly.<br />
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Further important characteristics to look at would be the Lý Dynasty’s jade glazed pottery. Ceramic bowls and dishes were decorated with chrysanthemum motifs similar to the Song decorative style. Lotus carved bowls and dishes were more typical of Vietnamese motifs. These jade glazes were high quality with the popular dark celadon glaze. Evidence of on site production of this pottery is also confirmed by the discarded pottery items, particularly through looking at the pieces of a mould that was used to paint chrysanthemum motifs, which was discovered in hold D6. The motifs in this mould are of a similar style to that of the celadon dish found in the well from the Lý Dynasty in hold A10. Both of them reflect the deep influence of the Song’s decorative style – the chrysanthemum motif. According to many documents, this is a classic motif of Song Dynasty pottery between 1090 and 1906. Based on these findings, we can identify clearly and accurately differences of the Lý’s jade glazed ceramics.<br />
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The most important discovery about the Lý Dynasty pottery in the Thăng Long Citadel was the group of ceramics that were green glazed. This group has fascinating glazes and beautiful designs of floral and dragon motifs. The lid found in hold A9MR was one of the special specimens, showing the advanced development of the green glazes under the Lý Dynasty. The lid was 18.5 cm in diameter and decorated with a dragon bending in 18 sections circled in the center, surrounded by a stone-gong or a cloud, and a ring of small spots at the outermost rim. Since the pottery is embossed and interposed by gouges, the glaze is not uniform, creating a vivid design with varying shades and colors. The skill and quality of the dragons on this lid were similar to the round-stone items used to decorate the Chương Sơn Tower in Hà Nam.<br />
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Looking at the collection of the Lý Dynasty pottery found in the Citadel, I realized that there were three basic types of design making techniques which include embossing, carving, and printing with molds. There were also many types that were not decorated with motifs but still had beautiful shapes and are beautiful glazed. Pottery items under the Lý Dynasty were elegant in shape, sophisticated in craftsmanship, and skillful in decorative motifs. Popular motifs were lotuses, chrysanthemums, dragons, apsaras, and clouds. These motifs contain deep Buddhist elements and some revealed the highly refined influence of the Song era’s pottery. However, the most popular designs and shapes were the embossed lotus petals and small circle motifs. These designs were more distinctly linked to Vietnamese traditional pottery. The crystallized brown flower glazes are considered one of the most unique and beautiful type of Vietnamese pottery. The quality of this pottery can be observed in their shape and design. Some believe that these pottery wares were produced for the elite class. There are grounds for this assumption, as a large amount of precious brown flower glazes were found mainly in Mường mandarin graves. However, there are great differences in quality between the pottery items found in the Citadel. Besides pots and terra-cotta jars with lotus and floral motifs, there were many large terra-cotta jars with dragon motifs as well as a variety of highly sophisticated lids, bowls, or dishes with dragon and lotus motifs following the principle, “brown background with white motifs.” They all reveal an opulent beauty. From this, I presume that the discovered items were probably utensils used in the Royal palace.<br />
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This discovery will set a precedent for future studies of pottery from the Lý Dynasty, especially those in the Royal Palace produced by Thăng Long pottery kilns. Research is important because the discovery of the pottery and kilns have opened up new questions about craftsmanship during the Lý Dynasty. This discovery opens new doors and questions about craftsmanship during the Lý Dynasty. This discovery opens new doors and questions for Vietnamese as well as foreign scholars. Aside from the brown flower glazes, there are other high grade pottery items such as white glazes, green glazes, jade glazes, and yellow glazes. The yellow glazes were a surprise since they were previously thought to be products of the Lê and Nguyễn Dynasties. This type of glaze was often seen architectural materials like yellow glazed tiles on the roofs of palaces. After the excavation, yellow glazes were found to be ubiquitous among the artifacts found. There were highly decorated and skillfully crafted utensils that were believed to belong to royalty.<br />
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Brown glaze in Trần Dynasty<br />
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Pottery during the Trần Dynasty<br />
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During the excavation, a large number of pottery items were also found from the Trần Dynasty. Among the pottery were decorative architectural artifacts. There were a variety of pottery types from this era which included: white glaze, pearl glaze, green glaze, brown glaze, brown flower glaze, and white-blue glaze pottery.<br />
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Directly inheriting pottery décor from the Lý Dynasty, pottery style from the Trần Dynasty looked practically the same. Because of their similarities, it was not easy for researches to distinguish between the two types. However, studies were done on the techniques of making spur marks and have helped us differentiate between the two types. Generally, the spur-making techniques under the Trần Dynasty were not as sophisticated as those of the Lý. Regarding the motifs, though the two were similar, the details under Trần Dynasty were not as sophisticated as those of the Lý. Regarding the motifs, though the two were similar, the details under the Trần Dynasty were simpler than those of the Lý Dynasty. Pottery from the Trần Dynasty was gradually simplified with stronger shapes and sometimes more plain than those of the Lý. Another noticeable character is that the printed motifs under the Trần Dynasty were much more diverse than those under the Lý.<br />
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A distinct feature of Trần Dynasty pottery is the appearance of white-blue glazed ceramics. Many items of this type were found throughout the excavation sites. The most popular ones were bowls and dishes decorated by an iron brown and cobalt daisy motif. These motifs were most likely exported to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Japan in the mid-14th century. In the holes of Area D, there were a huge pile of dishes with chrysanthemum motifs along with many piles of one-color glazes with decorative motifs consisting of clouds, a phoenix, and flowers. This helps support the notion that kiln pottery making existed under the Lý as well as the Trần Dynasty.<br />
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Pottery during the Lê Dynasty<br />
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Large amounts of ceramics were also found from the Lê Dynasty at several excavation sites. Lê Dynasty pottery items were found most densely along the basin of the old river, between Area A and B.<br />
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White glazed pottery pots and lime pots of the Lý - Trần Dynasties<br />
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In order to classify the quality and development of the pottery used in the Royal Palace. I would like to divide pottery items of the Lê dynasty into three small periods: those of the Early Lê period (15th century), those of the Lê-Mạc period (16th century), and those of the Restored Lê period (17th–18th centuries). In general, pottery items in the Lê-Mạc and Restored Lê period were of poor quality, with simpler decorative motifs. The majority of the pottery items that were collected were found in kilns from Hải Dương and Bát Tràng. This shows a big difference in comparison to pottery from the Early Lê Dynasty.<br />
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Pottery from the Early Lê Dynasty started the development of large pottery centers, especially in Hải Dương. In this period white-blue glazes, white glazes, and colored pottery reached the peak of aesthetics and sophistication. These items became the largest export during this era. In my previous study, when focusing on Việt Nam’s foreign trade, I put forth the idea that a large portion of the high quality pottery items on the wrecked ship in Hội An were products of Thăng Long kilns. That observation now seems to be well supported, since many high-quality white-blue glazes with similar shapes and motifs as those from the wrecked ship in Hội An have been found along the river in Area A. One example is the bowl with a four-clawed dragon motif with the Chinese character “Trù” (kitchen) engraved on the bottom and a painted “Kính” in the center. This discovery has allowed me to reassert the importance of Thăng Long pottery in its cultural significance and economic relations with other kingdoms throughout history.<br />
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Another discovery that receives respect and admiration from specialists and antique-lovers is the high-quality white-blue glaze and the thin white ceramics. These ceramics displayed the motifs of five-clawed dragons (or four-clawed legs) with the Chinese characters “Guan” or “Kính” in the center of the item. Observing Hải Dương and Kim Lan pottery, I assume that these are products of Thăng Long pottery kilns.<br />
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A few years ago at Ngói, Chu Đậu (Hải Dương), and Kim Lan (Gia Lâm), I found evidence of court pottery kilns. The main product discovered in these kilns were white glazed ceramics with motifs of waves in shapes of fish scales and the Chinese character “Quan” incised in the center very similar to Thăng Long pottery. However, items from Hải Dương court-pottery kilns were heavier and thicker with poorer glaze quality than those of Thăng Long kilns. Pottery items in Thăng Long, thick or thin, were of better quality than those from Hải Dương. Thăng Long white glazed ceramics, including mainly small-sized bowls and dishes were thin as an egg shell (the transparent china type), with a dragon with five-clawed legs incised on the relief, cavetto designs, and the word “Guan” in the center. These types of thin white ceramics have never been found anywhere in Việt Nam except for the royal tombs in Lam Kinh (in Thanh Hóa). Notable characteristics of this pottery were that they were fired one at a time and the bottoms along with the rim of the spurs were glazed.<br />
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Beautiful design of dragon motifs decorated on plates and bowls of Lê Dynasty<br />
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The spurs were very thin and were rolled, not cut, and the glaze on the rim was not scraped like the ceramics from Hải Dương. This is the technique that made pottery from Thăng Long different to Hải Dương or Kim Lan. Beside those with dragon motifs in Thăng Long, there were also white ceramics with chrysanthemum or line motifs, with the character “Guan” incised or painted blue in the center. Among various types of white glazed pots, and jars, there were also many specimens with “Guan” painted in burgundy. The amazing sophistication and aesthetic beauty of this pottery as well as the symbolized royal motifs (a dragon with five-claws and a phoenix) reveal that these were royal palace utensils.<br />
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This examination becomes more convincing as we find pottery printed with Sino-Vietnamese characters such as “Trường Lạc” or “Trường lạc khố”. As recorded, Trường Lạc is the palace of Trường Lạc Thánh Từ, Nguyễn Thị Hằng, the wife of King Lê Thánh Tông (1460-1497). Because of this, these items are considered to be utensils from the Trường Lạc Palace.<br />
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The location of excavation, with all the architectural relics, has been identified by experts to be a part of the Thăng Long Citadel. The citadel lied on the western part of the Kính Thiên palace throughout the Lý, Trần and Lê Dynasties.<br />
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This hypothesis is exceedingly important that the ceramics discovered belonged to the Thăng Long Imperial Palace. Together with the evidence of on-site exaction, I believe that even from the Lý Dynasty, there were pottery kilns continued to operate until the Lê Dynasty, producing high-quality product with sophisticated designs.<br />
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Evidence that makes me confident about this hypothesis is that the pottery wares from the Early Lý Dynasty were decorated with a dragon motif and the words “Guan” or “Kính” in the center. At the moment, we may conclude that the discovery of these utensils from the excavations provide us not only with important data for further study about Thăng Long pottery used in the Imperial Palace, but also more convincing evidence for the argument that the artifacts came from the palace centers of the Lý, Trần and Lê Dynasties.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-1034862792182749652010-08-01T22:05:00.003-07:002010-08-02T07:09:52.628-07:00A new understandingVGP - With the Vietnamese government’s permission in late 2002 and early 2003 to open to the public the largest-ever archaeological site near Ba Đình Square in the center of Hà Nội, Việt Nam’s urban archaeology has been officially born.<br />
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A corner of the excavation site<br />
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There has never been such an archaeological site in our country – or even in the region – not only because of its size (thousands of square meters) but also because of its significance. As archaeological language goes, the above-a-thousand-year-old cultural heritage of the capital city has been touched, seen, and possessed.<br />
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Millions of historical objects have been found recently in an area which is small in comparison with Hà Nội – Thăng Long Citadel – Hà Nội.<br />
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The most precious, important, and meaningful thing uncovered in that excavation is the architectural ruins (together with architectural relics and objects) from the Sui and Tang dynasties in the 7th-9th centuries to the Lý-Trần-Lê dynasties to the Nguyễn dynasty.<br />
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Việt Nam’s historical archaeology in broad terms and architectural archaeology in narrow terms have just confirmed that Vietnamese traditional architectures underwent pressure through the wood-connected structures, rather than the wall structures as in Western Europe. The backbone of this structure is the pillar system. All the weight of the whole building is placed on these pillars. Large stones are often placed at the foot of these pillars to prevent a potential collapse of the building.<br />
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These kinds of stone have been discovered in that excavation. However, in that position, the earth foundation is weak (near rivers). Therefore, it is carefully reinforced by holes, stakes, and gravel. With all this knowledge, we could now understand the age of old architecture. This is important, because remaining architecture in the world do not process the wattles, length, and width like this.<br />
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In conclusion, the archaeological work done in the Ba Đình area has been a success. Many priceless relics and objects have been taken out from the earth’s womb./.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-76635597403016833112010-08-01T22:05:00.001-07:002010-08-02T07:11:01.687-07:00Thăng Long royal citadel – An invaluable heritageVGP - Under the Cultural Heritage Law, the Government assigned the Institute of Archaeology to conduct an excavation on an area of ten thousand square meters near Ba Đình Square in Hà Nội. Vast arrays of relics and artifacts have been revealed.<br />
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Map of Thăng Long Citadel in 1490<br />
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The site is located on the western side of the Thăng Long Citadel belonging to the Lý, Trần, Early Lê, Mạc, and Restored Lê Dynasties from the 11th – 18th centuries. This site also belonged to the Royal Đại La Citadel in the 7th–9th centuries and the Royal Hà Nội Citadel in the 19th century. The excavation has uncovered a historical range from the 7th to the 19th century, including the pre-Thăng Long, and Hà Nội period. The vestiges and cultural layers continuously overlap one another through different historical periods and dynasties. Rarely is there a large historical and cultural history that encompasses such a wide range of historical eras. This land has been the capital for most of Việt Nam’s history.<br />
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The Dragon decorative motif on the roof tile of the Lý Dynasty<br />
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The architectural relics consist of the foundation, the base of pillars, sections of brick walls, road sections, brick/gravel tiled floors, a water drainage system, water wells, and traces of lotus lakes. The new discoveries have revealed the magnitude and scale of the Thăng Long Citadel that could not be manifested through written documents or ancient maps.<br />
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A wide range of the relics in large quantity includes construction materials like bricks, tiles, stone column bases, and ironwood poles. Objects belonging to the royal family include artifacts such as jewelry, Vietnamese ceramics and porcelains, Chinese / Japanese ceramics and porcelains (Hizen ceramics and porcelains (Hizen ceramics), bronze coins from different areas, weapons. Some of the findings are valuable, or never discovered items. These relics demonstrate the highly technical and artistic developments of the Vietnamese people in the past.<br />
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In a historical perspective, the new discovery has provided scientific insights into the central location of the Thăng Long/Đông Đô/Đông Kinh Citadel, laying groundwork for a better understanding of the relationship between the Đại La Citadel with the Thăng Long Citadel. This discovery will help us develop a clearer understanding of the citadels from the Lý, Trần and Lê Dynasties to the Hà Nội Citadel during the Nguyễn Dynasty.<br />
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The relics of the Đại La Citadel were found in the four sections A, B, C, and D of the excavated areas, which means the sections were located inside Đại La citadel. Beyond the vestiges of the Đại La Citadel are relics of the Lý Dynasty. The name of the royal citadel was either called the “Dragon Citadel,” Phoenix Citadel,” or “Dragon Phoenix Citadel” during the Lý and Trần Dynasties. This changed throughout the Lý, Trần and Lê Dynasties, so more research is required to prove that the citadel was situated to the west of the center. In other words, it was part of the western side of the royal citadel. The result of the excavation in combination with ancient maps and documents has provided a better picture of the royal citadel.<br />
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A corner of the excavation site<br />
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The discovery has provided information about a great number of precious relics from the Thăng Long Citadel.<br />
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Therefore, there should be more excavations on a large scale and plans to create a historical heritage site. This site should include the ancient sites of the Thăng Long and Hà Nội Citadel, and the more recent revolutionary resistance relics of the Hồ Chí Minh era such as the Ba Đình Meeting Hall, the Hồ Chí Minh Mausoleum, Hồ Chí Minh’s house on stilts, and the headquarters of the Việt Nam People’s Army during the American War. This would create a heritage site starting from the 7th century up through the 20th century. This is an invaluable heritage site lying in the heart of Hà Nội.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-67357171690625520412010-08-01T22:04:00.004-07:002010-08-01T22:04:54.027-07:00Preserving this cultural site in our responsibilityVGP – A letter from the Honorary President of the Việt Nam Association of Historical Sciences, General Võ Nguyên Giáp, to Party and State Leaders.<br />
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General Võ Nguyên Giáp<br />
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Recently, I heard an archaeological report on the excavations at a site intended for building the National Assembly House. After that, I myself went to the site, looking at the historical vestiges and talking with the historians and archaeologists. I greatly appreciated the results of the archaeological excavations and the significance of the discovered site.<br />
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This is the first time Vietnamese archaeologists have had the opportunity and conditions to excavate sites from the ancient Royal Citadel of Thăng Long. By the end of September 2003 they excavated about 14,000 square meters of land, and recently another thousands of square meters. This is the largest archaeological excavation ever in Việt Nam and among the largest in Southeast Asia. At the site, remains of the western part of the citadel were exposed. This uncovered an architectural foundation larger than the royal palace in Huế, a drainage system, and wells. It helps us understand the magnitude and appearance of the royal citadel. Among the artifacts included tiles, bricks, column foundations, stone column bases, iron wood columns and terracotta decorations, royal daily life utensils, pottery (Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese and Middle East), gold decorations, and various weapons. The discovered items manifest the unique values and skill of traditional Vietnamese workmanship.<br />
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I would like to stress the significance of the site and the long history that it entails. This specific piece of land dates back to the pre-Thăng Long period beginning with the Đại La citadel in 7th-9th centuries and lasting until the Đinh and Anterior-Lê dynasties in the 10th century, the Thăng Long citadel existed on the site from the Lý and Trần Dynasties until the Early Lê, Mạc, and Restored Lê dynasties in the 11th-18th centuries. After this time period, the Hà Nội citadel stood through the early Nguyễn dynasty in the 19th century. The site is also connected with the revolutionary and resistance war sites during the Hồ Chí Minh era. For example, Hồ Chí Minh’s house-on-stilts, the Hồ Chí Minh Mausoleum, Ba Đình Square, the command headquarters of the Vietnamese People’s Army during the anti-Vietnamese war, and the Ba Đình Meeting Hall are all on this land. This has created an invaluable complex of cultural sites lasting from the 7th to the 20th century. This is a special and rare feature that is of great historical value to Hà Nội. This land remained the capital city of the country for almost 13 successive centuries except for some intervals in the Tây Sơn and Nguyễn periods.<br />
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I appreciate the government’s policy allowing the archaeologists to carry out excavations before a construction project is started and delaying construction. Given the results of the excavations, I suggest an in-depth exploration of the entire area and the designing of a master plan for the preservation of this priceless cultural site, including the present Ba Đình Meeting Hall. I suggest choosing another larger site for the construction of the National Assembly House and the new Ba Đình Meeting Hall.<br />
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I know it is difficult and costly to preserve such an outdoor cultural and historical site while our country lacks relevant expertise and experience. Nonetheless, I believe when the Party, National Assembly, and State have introduced a correct policy, we will receive support from the population and the rest of the world to devise a proper solution to preserve this site. It is necessary to consider this task a long-term project and carefully plan stages for it. Beside the relevant administrative and scientific bodies in the country, we should seek cooperation with and assistance from international organizations such as the UNESCO and countries that have rich experience in this field. Preserving this cultural site is a responsibility of the Party, National Assembly, and State for our people and culture.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-32497542260907280792010-08-01T22:04:00.002-07:002010-08-01T22:04:25.283-07:00Vestiges of different historical periodsVGP - From 2002 to the end of 2003, an archaeological excavation was carried out on a 40,000 square meter site. The site is located at Hoàng Diệu Street, Ba Đình District, Hà Nội. About 20,000 sq.m were excavated and divided into 4 sections which are coded as A, B, C, and D. The depth of each archaeological lot is about 4 meters, which includes many artifacts from different dynasties.<br />
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Map of excavation sections<br />
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At the depth of about 1 meter underground is the most recent cultural stratum which has been uncovered. Here, artifacts from the 19th–20th centuries (Nguyễn Dynasty) have been unearthed. Artifacts found include: two wells built of stone and bricks; ceramic bowls, plates, jars, containers, incense burners, and bottles. The artifacts are items that were used daily and were all produced at Bát Tràng and Phù Lãng. They have different colored glozes (blue, white, grey, etc.) and different ornamental patterns (flowers, bamboo, line dots, brown lines).<br />
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At the depth of 1 to 2 meters, there were cultural relics from the Posterior Lê Dynasty (15th to 18th centuries). In fact, this layer of artifacts also includes traces of the early Lê Dynasty (circa 15th century), the Mạc (circa 16th century), the Restored Lê (circa 17th–18th centuries), and even the Tây Sơn (early 18th century).<br />
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A phoenix motif of the roof tile from the Lý Dynasty<br />
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The cultural stratum of the Lê era has exposed artifacts from the 15th–18th centuries. Items include fragments of the brick foundations from buildings; bowls, plates, jars, jugs, cups, pots, food containers, and lime-pots (white, turquoise and glue glazes). Most of the objects uncovered belonged to the king, the royal family, or aristocrats. These items were all decorated with a five-clawed dragon, the Chinese character “Guan” and the characters Trường Lạc (the name of the queen during Lê Thánh Tông’s rule), or Trường Lạc khố, (Lê Hiến Tông’s mother).<br />
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Vestiges of the Lý, Trần and Nguyễn Dynasties are also present at this layer. But most of the artifacts during this era have been heavily disturbed. This is common among artifacts from the Lê Dynasty. At the depth of 2 to 3 meters, there is the cultural stratum of the Lý (11th–12th centuries) and the Trần (13th–14th centuries) Dynasties. These two historical periods shared many similarities with each other. This was a period when Vietnamese civilization produced a brilliant culture referred to as Thăng Long. Though most of the artifacts in this layer were from the Lê and Trần Dynasties, it also included artifacts from the Đinh through the Anterior Lê Dynasties (10th–14th centuries). The artifacts found include: the foundation of ancient buildings (stone column bases with lotus decorations typical of the Lý–Trần sculpture), the foundations with brick-paved edges; red brick wells; a square pond filled up with construction materials and ceramic objects. Many of the smaller artifacts included items such as: bowls, boxes with covers, lamp-plates, replicas of towers, big jars, and pots. The design on the items shows that the objects belonged to the royal family and aristocracy. Among the artifacts are bricks carved with Chinese characters showing that they were produced in 1057, under the reign of the third king of the Lý Dynasty.<br />
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A sacred animal head from the Trần Dynasty<br />
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At the depth of 3-4 meters there is the cultural stratum of the historical period known as Đại La, when Việt Nam was ruled by the Chinese Tang Dynasty, Đại La was also the name of a citadel at that time, on the same location of the excavation site.<br />
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This stratum bears the cultural characteristics of Việt Nam under the Tang (a Chinese Dynasty) rule. This period existed from the 7th to 9th centuries, before King Lý Thái Tổ founded the Thăng Long capital in 2010. This layer is referred to as the pre-Thăng Long layer.<br />
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In brief, the excavation at the Thăng Long citadel has revealed 4 cultural strata.<br />
<br />
1 – Đại La or pre-Thăng Long period: 7th to early 10th centuries (primarily the 9th century).<br />
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2 – Lý–Trần period: 11th–14th centuries (some vestiges of the Đinh–Anterior Lê Dynasties in the 10th century).<br />
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3 – Lê period (Early Lê, Mạc, Restored Lê, Tây Sơn): 15th–18th centuries.<br />
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4 – Nguyễn period: 19th century. This included traces of the French colonial period (late 19th–early 20th centuries) up until the 20th century. The excavation site demonstrates a 1,300-year course of development of Vietnamese culture. It is located next to the Hà Nội Citadel (built in 1805 and destroyed in 1897) and to the west of what used to be the Royal Citadel and the Forbidden Citadel of Thăng Long. It is an invaluable asset for the history and culture of Việt Nam.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-9782371052649547612010-08-01T22:04:00.000-07:002010-08-01T22:04:02.446-07:00Vestiges of different historical periodsVGP - From 2002 to the end of 2003, an archaeological excavation was carried out on a 40,000 square meter site. The site is located at Hoàng Diệu Street, Ba Đình District, Hà Nội. About 20,000 sq.m were excavated and divided into 4 sections which are coded as A, B, C, and D. The depth of each archaeological lot is about 4 meters, which includes many artifacts from different dynasties.<br />
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Map of excavation sections<br />
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At the depth of about 1 meter underground is the most recent cultural stratum which has been uncovered. Here, artifacts from the 19th–20th centuries (Nguyễn Dynasty) have been unearthed. Artifacts found include: two wells built of stone and bricks; ceramic bowls, plates, jars, containers, incense burners, and bottles. The artifacts are items that were used daily and were all produced at Bát Tràng and Phù Lãng. They have different colored glozes (blue, white, grey, etc.) and different ornamental patterns (flowers, bamboo, line dots, brown lines).<br />
<br />
At the depth of 1 to 2 meters, there were cultural relics from the Posterior Lê Dynasty (15th to 18th centuries). In fact, this layer of artifacts also includes traces of the early Lê Dynasty (circa 15th century), the Mạc (circa 16th century), the Restored Lê (circa 17th–18th centuries), and even the Tây Sơn (early 18th century).<br />
<br />
A phoenix motif of the roof tile from the Lý Dynasty<br />
<br />
The cultural stratum of the Lê era has exposed artifacts from the 15th–18th centuries. Items include fragments of the brick foundations from buildings; bowls, plates, jars, jugs, cups, pots, food containers, and lime-pots (white, turquoise and glue glazes). Most of the objects uncovered belonged to the king, the royal family, or aristocrats. These items were all decorated with a five-clawed dragon, the Chinese character “Guan” and the characters Trường Lạc (the name of the queen during Lê Thánh Tông’s rule), or Trường Lạc khố, (Lê Hiến Tông’s mother).<br />
<br />
Vestiges of the Lý, Trần and Nguyễn Dynasties are also present at this layer. But most of the artifacts during this era have been heavily disturbed. This is common among artifacts from the Lê Dynasty. At the depth of 2 to 3 meters, there is the cultural stratum of the Lý (11th–12th centuries) and the Trần (13th–14th centuries) Dynasties. These two historical periods shared many similarities with each other. This was a period when Vietnamese civilization produced a brilliant culture referred to as Thăng Long. Though most of the artifacts in this layer were from the Lê and Trần Dynasties, it also included artifacts from the Đinh through the Anterior Lê Dynasties (10th–14th centuries). The artifacts found include: the foundation of ancient buildings (stone column bases with lotus decorations typical of the Lý–Trần sculpture), the foundations with brick-paved edges; red brick wells; a square pond filled up with construction materials and ceramic objects. Many of the smaller artifacts included items such as: bowls, boxes with covers, lamp-plates, replicas of towers, big jars, and pots. The design on the items shows that the objects belonged to the royal family and aristocracy. Among the artifacts are bricks carved with Chinese characters showing that they were produced in 1057, under the reign of the third king of the Lý Dynasty.<br />
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<br />
A sacred animal head from the Trần Dynasty<br />
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At the depth of 3-4 meters there is the cultural stratum of the historical period known as Đại La, when Việt Nam was ruled by the Chinese Tang Dynasty, Đại La was also the name of a citadel at that time, on the same location of the excavation site.<br />
<br />
This stratum bears the cultural characteristics of Việt Nam under the Tang (a Chinese Dynasty) rule. This period existed from the 7th to 9th centuries, before King Lý Thái Tổ founded the Thăng Long capital in 2010. This layer is referred to as the pre-Thăng Long layer.<br />
<br />
In brief, the excavation at the Thăng Long citadel has revealed 4 cultural strata.<br />
<br />
1 – Đại La or pre-Thăng Long period: 7th to early 10th centuries (primarily the 9th century).<br />
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2 – Lý–Trần period: 11th–14th centuries (some vestiges of the Đinh–Anterior Lê Dynasties in the 10th century).<br />
<br />
3 – Lê period (Early Lê, Mạc, Restored Lê, Tây Sơn): 15th–18th centuries.<br />
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4 – Nguyễn period: 19th century. This included traces of the French colonial period (late 19th–early 20th centuries) up until the 20th century. The excavation site demonstrates a 1,300-year course of development of Vietnamese culture. It is located next to the Hà Nội Citadel (built in 1805 and destroyed in 1897) and to the west of what used to be the Royal Citadel and the Forbidden Citadel of Thăng Long. It is an invaluable asset for the history and culture of Việt Nam.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-60629278169843799162010-08-01T22:03:00.001-07:002010-08-01T22:03:36.641-07:00The Cultural Heritage Complex of Thăng Long-Hà NộiVGP - The Cultural Heritage Complex of Thăng Long-Hà Nội consists of the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel, Thăng Long Tứ Trấn (Temples of Four Guardian Gods of Thăng Long) and the Văn Miếu-Quốc Tử Giám (Temple of Literature).<br />
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Location of the Imperial Citadel and excavated area in the map<br />
of Ba Đình Complex<br />
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Thăng Long, which is Hà Nội's center nowadays, was chosen by Lý Thái Tổ, the founding king of the Lý Dynasty (1009-1225), as the capital of Đại Việt Kingdom (nowadays Việt Nam) since Autumn of 1010.<br />
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Thăng Long means “ascending dragon,” symbolizing the will and thirst for independence of the Vietnamese people after more than one thousand years of Chinese domination.<br />
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Since then, Thăng Long was almost continuously the capital city of Việt Nam through different reigns: Lý (1010-1225), Trần (1226-1400), Early Lê (1428-1527), Mạc (1572-1592), and the Restored Lê-Trịnh (1592-1789). In the periods when it was not the capital, Thăng Long still remained a central city in the vast area of Bắc Thành or North Việt Nam (1789-1831), Hà Nội Province (1831-1888), or Bắc Kỳ (also known as Tonkin) and the French-ruled Federation of Indochina (1888-1945). During the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802-1945), the capital was moved to Huế. In 1945, Hà Nội was chosen by the Government of Democratic Republic of Việt Nam as the capital.<br />
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Previously, from the 7th to 9th centuries, under the domination of feudal China, it was also chosen by the ruling governments as Annam Prefecture (An Nam Đô Hộ Phủ), which included the North and North Central part of present Việt Nam.<br />
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From the 11th to 18th centuries, as a capital city, Thăng Long was constructed to adapt to physical features of the area that endowed with rivers and lakes. The citadel system incorporated three rings of rampart. The outer ring was the Đại La Citadel, which ran along the Red River in the East, Tô Lịch River in the North and West, and the Kim Ngưu River in the South. Consequently, the Đại La Citadel functioned itself as both an outer defensive rampart for the whole capital city and a complete dyke system. The second ring, known with many names throughout different periods, was nevertheless called in a common name: Hoàng Thành (Imperial Citadel), housing central governmental bodies. The third ring was the Forbidden City (Cấm Thành), where the King and the royal family's residence located. The architectural structures (system of palaces) were most densely concentrated in the Forbidden City and Imperial City, whose center was the Càn Nguyên Palace (later known as Thiên An or Kính Thiên Palace) built on a hillock called Nùng Mount. Although slight displacement was observed, in general, the location of citadel rings and architectural structures has remained unchanged over different periods.<br />
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1. The Thăng Long Imperial Citadel (approximately 50 hectares)<br />
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The present relic complex is located in Ba Đình District, roughly surrounded by Nguyễn Tri Phương, Phan Đình Phùng, Điện Biên Phủ, Trần Phú, Hoàng Văn Thụ and Hùng Vương Streets. Relics in the areas of the Forbidden City and the Imperial Citadel that situated on the central axis of the old citadel are the Cửa Bắc (North Gate), Hậu Lâu, Kính Thiên Palace, Đoan Môn (South Gate), Flag Tower and the archaeological site at 18 Hoàng Diệu Street. The relics found on the ground remain relatively intact and have been well preserved. Archaeological artifacts underground have been discovered and studied for many years. Researchers have found out many architectural vestiges and artifacts from the Chinese domination period, Đinh, Anterior Lê, Lý, Trần, Posterior Lê and Nguyên Dynasties.<br />
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A gate of the Thăng Long Citadel<br />
Specifically, in the campus of the Ba Đình Assembly Hall at 18 Hoàng Diệu Street, significant architectural vestiges and artifacts of the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel were unearthed.<br />
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From December 2002 to the beginning of 2004, the Việt Nam Archaeology Institute excavated on a large scale the archaeological site at 18 Hoàng Diệu Street with the total area of 19,000 m2. This is biggest archaeological excavation site in Việt Nam and Southeast Asia. Here a complex of abundant relics and vestiges from the Đại La Citadel (7th-9th centuries) to Thăng Long Citadel (11th-18th centuries) and Hà Nội Citadel (19th century) was discovered.<br />
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In the whole area, cultural layers appear in all locations with cultural and historical vestiges of Thăng Long-Hà Nội during the period of 1,300 years of history. In general, the cultural layers often exist in the depth of 1m downwards with thickness of 2.0-3.50m. At the location of some excavation holes such as A10 – A11, B3 - B9 and D4 - D6 it can be recognized the relics of different periods lying on each other, from the depth of 0.90m to 1.90m is the cultural layer of the Lê Dynasty from the 15th to 18th centuries; from the depth of 1.90m-3m is the cultural layer of the Lý and Trần dynasties (11th to 14th centuries); the depth of 3m-4.20m, the cultural layer of the Pre-Thăng Long period (7th-9th centuries). In cultural layers, it is always found out architectural vestiges typical for the different periods.<br />
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The numbers of founded vestiges are many but the majority is bricks, tiles and ceramic ware. In each period the vestiges have a specific feature.<br />
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During the 5th-6th centuries, there are grey red bricks, the boarders printed with olive shape, and blue-glazed ceramic bowls.<br />
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During the 6th-9th centuries, there are many bricks, tiles, especially bricks inscribed with Chinese characters "Giang Tây quân" in grey color; head of the tiles are decorated with the faces of sacred animals, joker, lotus, etc.<br />
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In the 10th century, some bricks and tiles are found, typical is the red bricks of which the surface is inscribed in Chinese characters "Đại Việt quốc quân thành chuyên"; also found out are ridge tiles with statues of bird couple; earthen wares.<br />
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In the Lý Dynasty (11th-13th centuries) brick and tile production was strongly developed with various sizes as rectangular and square bricks, the brick face are inscribed with Chinese characters "Lý gia đệ tam đế Long Thụy Thái Bình tứ niên tạo" (Made in the 4th year of Long Thụy Thái Bình, the 3rd king of the Lý - 1057); some square bricks decorated with lotus and daisy. The ceramic wares in the Lý Dynasty, bearing beautiful decoration and sharp colors of pearl, white, green enamels, prove the high skills of ceramics producers at that time.<br />
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The Trần Dynasty had continued and developed the artistic styles of the Lý Dynasty, through the ceramic wares with nice decoration in iron brown, white-and-blue colors. The period of the Posterior Lê Dynasty is long and divided into small stages: The Early Lê and Lê-Mạc Dynasties, and the Restored Lê Dynasty.<br />
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At the beginning of the Lê Dynasty, the typical vestiges are wooden-hammer brick and Yin-Yang tiles with large dimensions, blue-and-white, white ceramic wares of high quality. In the Lê-Mạc period the tiles carved with dragon motif appeared. The dragon motif style in the Lê-Mạc Dynasties is almost similar to the dragon pattern carved on the lamp stand in the Mạc Dynasty. On the ceramic wares, the dragon motifs are painted in a simple way, not careful in details as at the beginning of the Lê Dynasty. Wooden-hammer bricks with medium and small sizes were used both in the Lê-Mạc Dynasties and the Restored Lê Dynasty. The ceramic wares were abundant but not beautiful as in the previous periods.<br />
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2. Surrounding architecture buildings<br />
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Bạch Mã Temple in Hàng Buồm Street<br />
In the ancient Thăng Long, there existed four sacred temples dedicated to four guardian gods of the city. They are Bạch Mã (White Horse), Voi Phục (Kneeling Elephant), Kim Liên, and Quán Thánh (Holy Mandarin)<br />
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According to the concept of geomancy, these are worship places of the Gods who guard at four main directions (East - West - South - North) of the citadel. These are also benchmarks forming the good layer of earth of the imperial city. Through many ups and downs of history, the four temples still exist.<br />
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Văn Miếu-Quốc Tử Giám is considered to be the first university in Việt Nam.<br />
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Văn Miếu (Temple of Literature) was built in October 1070 to worship Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, Chu Văn An, headmaster of Quốc Tử Giám (Imperial College), and other well-known scholars representing for the high philosophy and ethics of Vietnamese education.<br />
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In 1076, Quốc Tử Giám was constructed next to Văn Miếu. At first it was the college for only princes and then it also collected the best students in the whole country.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-92020219658274579052010-08-01T22:02:00.001-07:002010-08-01T22:02:59.280-07:00A long-term conservation plan needed for the Imperial Citadel<span id="ctl00_mContent_lbDesc" style="font-weight: bold;">VGP – It is necessary to adopt a master planning scheme for the long-term conservation of the historical site of the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel at No. 18 Hoàng Diệu Street, said Mr. Nguyễn Văn Sơn, Director of the Conservation Center for Cổ Loa and the Hà Nội Ancient Citadel.</span> <span id="ctl00_mContent_lbContinue"></span> <br />
<div class="subpage"><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CNGUYEN%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="PlaceName" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="PlaceType" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype> <style>
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</style> <i><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 8pt;">An excavation site of the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel at No. 18 Hoàng Diệu Street, Hà Nội</span></i></td> </tr>
</tbody> </table><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">According to Mr. Sơn, vestiges and artifacts of the Thăng Long Imperial Citadel are suffering negative weather impacts. Lying in the earth at the depths of 2–4m for thousands of years, they are now exposed to tropical climate with high humidity and heavy rains.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The Director said that it is an urgent necessity to adopt a master planning scheme for long-term preservation of the citadel.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">So far, a number of seminars have been organized to discuss methods of preserving outdoor vestiges and unearthed artifacts to serve scientific research and tourist purposes.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Some architectural items, such as <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Kính</st1:placename> <st1:placename w:st="on">Thiên</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Palace</st1:placetype></st1:place> and Long Trì Royal Courtyard, will be rebuilt on the basis of scientific data, revealed Mr. Sơn. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He added that some open storages should be built to preserve artifacts while show-casing them to the public.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="justify"></div><div align="justify"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Conservation</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Center</st1:placetype></st1:place> for Cổ Loa and the Hà Nội Ancient Citadel and the Institution of Archaeology will jointly display some artifacts during the millennial anniversary of Thăng Long-Hà Nội, said Mr. Sơn.</span></div></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-60129255476780640652010-07-30T03:33:00.001-07:002010-07-30T03:33:13.712-07:00Thăng Long queen city center receives international relic degree<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lunar Year 4 th light (ie on February 10, 2008), Ministry of Culture - Sports and Tourism has awarded Decision ranked national monuments with Relics history of art and architecture of Park Royal Center Thang Long, Hanoi (including relic of old Hanoi and archaeological relic 18 Hoang Dieu).</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Mr. Tran Chien Thang - Deputy Minister of Culture - Sports and Tourism; Ms. Ngo Thi Thanh Hang - Vice Chairman Hanoi City with representatives of some departments, branches, localities and specific aging published in Bac Ninh, Ly Thai country attended. <br />
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By first ceremony to receive the National monuments, government representatives in Hanoi and Bac Ninh with the position of the two elderly local flavor dishes procession from there (Dinh Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh) - 8 places of worship are King Ly on Park Royal Center Thang Long. </span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><img border="0" src="http://hoangthanhthanglong.vn/images/3268099669_fa6494a2fd.jpg" /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> Deputy Minister Tran Chien Thang affirmed that the ranking is not only a monument to honor area of Thang Long Imperial Center, but also to honor the career of money to people more proud tradition of his father he and the Thang Long ancient, continue to build and protect the valuable cultural values of the nation. <br />
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Park Center Thang Long Hoang Ha Noi is up dossiers of recognized as national relic is especially important, at the same time, it was suggested that UNESCO world cultural heritage. <br />
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After the ceremony, the traditional cultural activities were held at the Royal Center area, serial Royal Society Spring Thang Long was conducted prior Lunar Year.</span></span></span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-68448823183323934142010-07-30T03:32:00.001-07:002010-07-30T03:32:41.341-07:00New findings about Thăng Long queen city<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Block is the palace where the focus typical of the monarch, the most advanced products of the economy, the country's culture through historical periods.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">On September 2, 2002, a conference on scientific relic Hoang Thang Long was held in Hanoi brings together historians, archaeologists across the country. Approval of the historian Professor Phan Huy Le, we post all discussion to the new conclusions deepen awareness of the monument is especially rare. We put the headline.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong> <div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Nhập mô tả vào đây" border="2" height="196" hspace="2" src="http://image.tin247.com/vietnamnet/080927003030-103-137.jpg" vspace="2" width="160" /></div></strong><strong> </strong></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">1. Areas Hoang Thang Long at 18 Hoang Dieu began excavations from 12-2002 and are revealed in a large area in the mid-2003. <br />
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Area excavated so far is 19,000 m2. From the findings, about archeology and historians have determined preliminarily that the relics are located within Thang Long Hoang Ly, Tran, Le record, Mac, and the Le Trung Hung Nguyen, Hanoi time. But this is a complex archaeological relics, including many urban architectural monuments and a massive amount of relics of many different historical periods so many questions to be posed and engaging the attention Research research of many scientists in the country and internationally. <br />
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In 2004 - 2005 until early 2006, several workshops with computer science or research report specialized, interdisciplinary is the Social Science Institute of Vietnam, Ministry of Culture and Information Ministry of Construction organization. Most importantly, national scientific conference by the Institute of Social Sciences held on 19-20/8/2004, workshop international consultant by the Institute of Social Sciences and coordinate with the Vietnam National Committee UNESCO Vietnam male and UNESCO Office in Hanoi and held on 10-11/8/2004 Meeting on February 18, 2006 by Ministry of Culture and Information organized. <br />
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Through workshops, many problems are posed by issues such as general location of the relics in the structure of Thang Long-Hanoi, the nature and age of the relics, the value of the relic ... to the very specific issues such as age structure and individual architectural monuments, types and characteristics, origin and some relics dating, dating and relationship between the cultural layer , decode the writing on some relics, geological features composed, ecological environment, the origin of the relic rivers, lakes ... Something worth more pleased that more research and discussion, besides several issues need further research, many new questions are posed, the general perception of scientists in general the value of relic They may get together trends consensus. The results of this study, we like to thank the participation and cooperation of several research experts from the International UNESCO, Japan, France, Italy, Spain. <br />
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2. Awareness is relatively common consensus about the value of the relic Hoang Thang Long Hoang Dieu 18 can summarized as follows: <br />
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- Areas once discovered is defined in the Thang Long Royal is gradually defined more specifically in the Forbidden City is the center of Royal City News. Thang Long Citadel of three rounds to: La City University, Imperial City (the name used by Le record) and Block. The University of La and Royal have changed from the Ly, Tran Le to record, from time to time, record Mac Le and Le Trung Hung, but the location and size of the Forbidden City is virtually unchanged, only palace is undergoing many construction and repair, dismantling, destructive ... Block is the palace where the focus typical of the monarch, the most advanced products of the economy, the country's culture through historical periods. <br />
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- Areas of multi-level serial culture quite different from An ongoing India-South domination University La VII-IX century, particularly from the Ly, Tran, Le Mac file to the time, Le Trung Hung century XI-XVIII and XIX century Nguyen Dynasty. Relic's history from pre-culture of Thang Long thousand years time and near Thang Long-Hanoi. Many foreign experts rated value because the capital is rare in a country where the ground still preserve vestiges relatively systematic and continuous with depth historical and cultural nearly five thousand such , even if pre-Thang Long, then up to 13th century. <br />
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- Relic 19,000 m2 is part of the Block, but disclosed a priceless cultural heritage of the Bible, crystallize the value of cultural history of both peoples. This value is expressed through the architectural monuments and other relics, including wells, the drains, the foundation architecture, building materials, the sophisticated pottery, materials with typical architecture of the era ... all showed a high level of economic development, culture and national identity with dark, especially during Vietnam century civilization University XI - XV with organizations to build capacity, create good nutrition of the ancestors. <br />
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- The relics of foreign origin as the money, pottery of China, Japan, West Asia relations delivered proven economic and cultural capital of the widely with our country abroad. This is a feature and value of culture in Vietnam, always developed on the solid foundation in conjunction with the exchange and absorption of external cultural influences. <br />
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- It can be said of the capital of the country, each capital has as its history, contributing to create the flow of history and cultural centers of political, economic, cultural countries. Among them, economic Thang Long-Hanoi has a long history and the most typical for the period of the country's prosperity: economic Thang Long time civilization University Vietnamese capital of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh era. Areas Hoang Thang Long 18 Hoang Dieu has reflected the history of economic development, convergence and regulations has crystallized the value of history and ethnic culture via annually. It is a heritage of priceless cultural production capital and the whole nation. <br />
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By comparing the results of some scientists in the country and international experts, the legacy is still world class, the criteria have been recognized as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage. Himself Kōichiro Matsuura, President of UNESCO, when visiting the monument on July 17, 2005 said: "Areas have cultural values and history extremely important and pursuant to Heritage Convention cultural world, it can be fully considered cultural heritage of humanity ".</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong> <div style="text-align: center;"><img align="middle" alt="Cấm thành Thăng Long được xác định trong phần viền đỏ." border="2" height="511" hspace="2" src="http://image.tin247.com/vietnamnet/080927003030-313-505.jpg" vspace="2" width="450" /></div></strong><strong> </strong></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">3. Recently, archaeologists Vietnam during revise the artifacts, setting records and work with scientists from Japan studied the relics in the field, has provided some more information give a results of new research results raise further awareness of the value of the relics. Archaeological Institute reported on new research results, in which the results of my concerns is: <br />
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Through revise the kind, archaeologists have put out again on decorative objects and discover more relics are Hanja. In addition to the Hanja name army's version and some administrative units involved the construction of Royal, also the word architectural Han named an imperial palace in the Forbidden City was old bibliographic notes such as "Royal Villa subjects People directory created "," Changle supply "," Kim Quang power. Revise the results of artifacts and statistics also provide information about the system characteristics and changes pottery through the period, the currency of Vietnam from the Ly, Tran Le to the Nguyen and money China from the Han dynasty, Tang to Song, Minh, Thanh. The statistics on mobile core animal found to provide information regarding activities and art supply moisture paddy home. <br />
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Results of studies of architectural monuments in the field for experts in Japan and Vietnam make comments on the architecture and set of architectural drawings in a certain architecture Ly, Tran with the number Data specific measurements. This information shows that more fairly large scale of the palace in the ancient Forbidden City. <br />
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Many problems and questions still being posed, the research results is increasingly clear over the value of the relic Hoang Thang Long. <br />
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4. Areas Hoang Thang Long since has revealed to date has more than 4 years and is facing the requirement is urgent resolution. <br />
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Research as valuable as the monuments are confirmed, but the state has considerable worry. Archaeologists have tried hard to protect the relics such as roof covering, set up the system vacuum pump, apply a solution of anti-submarine, anti-moss milestone ... But the change of environment conservation in from the ground to outside, the climate change such as humidity, heat will affect the quality relics.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Over four years, despite all efforts to protect the above, the relics are gradually degraded by years. Japanese experts are worried about our status is degraded. Status degradation is only resolved when the basic long advocated the preservation of relics, on the basis of the established long-term conservation planning and construction plan for each step depending on their ability ta. In this respect, UNESCO and experts from many countries ready cooperation, consultation and support us. Also on that basis, can apply the solutions to long-term conservation and efficiency with modern technology. <br />
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Relic of Imperial Highway has combined with relics on the ground and the ground (not being the architect of modern destruction) of the Thang Long Block and revolutionary relics, modern resistance, may be planning a historical-cultural Thang Long-Hanoi run through from pre-Thang Long, Thang Long-time business, time to Hanoi to Hanoi capital, Ho Chi Minh era. Range planning and names relic should also researched and discussed widely among management agencies and experts on science and related fields. <br />
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A cultural heritage such exist between the center of Hanoi will enhance the position of history, cultural capital and meet criteria to be recognized as a National Monument and special cultural heritage in the world. It was proposed by the scientific community through scientific conferences, is the earnest aspirations of the people of the capital and the country, is also the responsibility of our generation before history. <br />
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And if the relics are not preserved, and all you can say long-term capital Hanoi will forever be a world cultural heritage in the heart of the capital, thousands of culture, pride of of capital and people throughout the country and community Vietnam abroad. It is more meaningful sacred when Hanoi and the country is preparing anniversary of Thang Long thousand years old.</span></span></span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-22631948562433070122010-07-30T03:31:00.001-07:002010-07-30T03:31:33.031-07:00Propose Thang Long queen city becoming world relic<div dir="ltr" id="result_box" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">5 / 4, Forum UNESCO - University and Heritage 12th place in Hanoi. Vietnam hopes this is the opportunity to promote Hoang Thang Long became a World Cultural Heritage in 2010.</span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" id="clir" style="text-align: justify; visibility: hidden;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://translate.google.com.vn/translate_s?hl=vi&sl=vi&tl=es&q=%C4%91%E1%BB%81%20ngh%E1%BB%8B%0A&source=translation_link">tìm kiếm</a></span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Attending the seminar are 380 professors, researchers, experts and students from 52 counter.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br />
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<tr> <td><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <img alt="Cấm Thành Thăng Long nằm trong giới hạn viền đỏ. Khu vực nằm trong hình vuông xanh là số 18 Hoàng Diệu. Ảnh lấy từ cuốn Hoàng Thành Thăng Long." border="0" height="346" src="http://www.vnexpress.net/Files/Subject/3B/A0/DA/D1/bd4.jpg" width="305" /><br />
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</tbody> </table><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Earlier this year, the record (nearly 900 pages) of the Royal Central Vietnam Thang Long was completed and sent to Paris (France) proposed UNESCO World Cultural Heritage. According to experts, the Royal meeting three of the six criteria of the UNESCO <br />
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Hoang Thang Long confirmed as one of important relics of Hanoi in particular and the country in general and Hanoi People's Committee Chairman Nguyen The Thao said, after the complete dossiers to UNESCO, Vietnam hy expectations will have world heritage in 2010 again, this time celebrated 1,000 years of Thang Long, Hanoi. <br />
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Also Chairman National Committee for UNESCO Vietnam Nguyen Thanh Son for, after reviewing documents, the UNESCO would like to Market Monitoring in place in April or May to come. May 6-7/2010 to Vietnam will submit the full dossier Council UNESCO. <br />
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If UNESCO, Hoang Thang Long will be the 8th World Heritage Sites in Vietnam after the Natural Heritage: Ha Long Bay, Phong Nha - Ke Bang; Cultural Heritage - History: Hue , Hoi An Ancient Town, My Son Sanctuary and Cultural Heritage Intangible: Nha nhac Hue imperial palace, Space Culture gongs Highlands.</span></span></span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-82988002245043357802010-07-30T03:30:00.001-07:002010-07-30T03:30:53.077-07:00Thăng Long queen city in balance with old capitals<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Detection sites 18 Hoang Dieu enough proved invaluable to the economic value of Thang Long thousand years ago from the left in the ground, that makes it fortunate enough when thanks to the conservation of ground that we, and generations of children, many opportunities will study and learn history.</span></span></span></div><div dir="ltr" id="result_box"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #642101;">The value of the relic Hoang Thang Long (been revealed in 2003) were the scientists in the country as well as international experts, including UNESCO Director General Mr. greatly appreciate, fully deserves to recognized as the cultural heritage of humanity. <br />
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Each city has a fixed value but only its own it, the Thang Long Imperial comparison with the Co Loa ancient capital, Hue and Hoa Lu is intended to affirm the value added is extremely rare sites of The Citadel , ancient capital of Thang Long culture in 1000. Professor Phan Huy Le, chairman of Vietnam's history of Science and Professor Phan Khanh was very consistent in putting out the interesting perspective of this comparison. <br />
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According to Professor Phan Huy Le, and evidence analysis and research archaeologists have confirmed for sure Loa is the oldest capital city, is the earliest buildings of the entire region of Southeast Asia. From the third century BC (about 2,300 in this way), a business with a large enough scale to a total of three rounds over 16 km as Loa is extremely rare. Capital Cities Loa also take advantage of natural river Hoang Giang thoroughly when connected to the system in the proud, to be swept back from that across the northern plain, the Red River, Thai Binh river, to the Continental Early Giang, Bridge on the River, River Trade, Luc Ngan river. Value of the sites located in Co Loa site: is the oldest business in Southeast Asia. <br />
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Undergone several transformations thousand years, traces of the three rounds into the ground is not much longer, are severely sexually abused. Efforts to "rescue" Loa appears as "harmful" to the other surviving traces more. Fortunately for longer underground Loa both a treasure, according to Prof. Phan Khanh. Have found the space here, and only a hole where archaeologists found the couple ten thousand arrows, new in 2005 also discovered an entire underground weapons production facilities, with the stove, a teacher molds , casting the same arrows arrows we have discovered here. <br />
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Fortunately for Loa, as even the capital for several decades, then go through ups and downs than 2,000 years, including the variation, then the remnant, and is the soul of the ancient capital is still there, has urged the generation of post-birth cosset preserve historical value. <br />
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Capital Hoa Lu is there a special historical role, even exist in the non half-century (from 968 to 1010, when Ly Thai To, the first king of the Ly Dynasty, decided to move capital to Thang Long ). Reply by Prof. Phan Khanh, the first king of Vietnam's reunification "have built capital Hoa Lu on dangerous terrain, take advantage of natural conditions with limestone cliffs and river system to citadel ", creating an" army to "take serious computer defense. Professor Phan Huy Le also stressed several factors to "natural time, local interest, of peace" of economic Hoa Lu ancient capital. In essence, the capital of Hoa Lu bring more business to fall into, relevant in the "fight" more than political stability, promoting culture, expand the economy. <br />
</span></span></span> <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #642101;"><img border="0" src="http://hoangthanhthanglong.vn/images/stories/dau-an-kien-truc-thoi-ly.jpg" /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #642101;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Huellas arquitectura Ly - Tran agujero en D4 - D6 (zona D)</span></span></span></div><br />
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Hue is the cultural heritage of the world's first Vietnam is recognized by UNESCO. Professor Phan Huy Le appreciate the architecture of the ancient capital Hue, by the result of cultural exchange, to acquire a western heritage. That is whether the time is not very long capital, just half a century young (from 1802 to 1945), and, again very young age compared to the ancient capital, Hue is recognition of the very respectfully world. "For example to say much about Hue, which is free for anyone to feel the value," said Professor Phan Khanh so on the last business in Vietnam. <br />
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Back on the past, asked the Co Loa, Hoa Lu, or the ancient capital of Hue, as we better understand the precious value of Thang Long Royal, the "superior class, especially on the thickness and contact time continue. Archaeological excavations have identified traces of the University of La over 1000 years ago. Then the supply of electricity, the economic architect of ancient ... Indeed, hard to find the world's capital has a long history of thousands of years, now is the "capital" of Vietnam modern. <br />
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Mentioned Hoang Thang Long is referred to the continuity of cultural classes Ly - Tran - Le was carefully hidden underground, but without surprise excavations in 2003 at 18 Hoang Dieu shall remain confidential , still just the words written in the history data, the maps quite profiles. Professor Phan Huy Le monument is called "the relics of the" business of Thang Long, from which to understand a lot about architecture, about cultural identity, the combination of nature (adapted and advantage), combining thoroughly waterway transport, handling space ... <br />
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Of the popular architecture of Thang Long Imperial City did not also how much (ie, lost remote Hue), the most precious and oldest far only the power of the telescope and Le Doan Mon Mac (post-Le), Forbidden City is no longer little, The Citadel only a few paragraphs, single cell door just in District Attorney ... But the discovery of 18 Hoang Dieu enough proved invaluable to the economic value of Thang Long thousand years ago from left in the ground, that makes it fortunate enough when thanks to the conservation of ground that we, and generations of children, more opportunities will study and learn history.</span></span></span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-75838699523134541452010-07-29T03:42:00.003-07:002010-07-29T23:30:35.635-07:00UNESCO to attend capital city’s 1,000th birthday<table padding="0" spacing="0" style="border-width: 0px; float: left; width: 310px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="border-color: White; border-width: 0px; text-align: center;"><img id="ctl00_mContent_imgImage" src="http://en.hanoi.vietnamplus.vn/avatar.aspx?ID=452&at=0&ts=300&lm=634030533291200000" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px;" /><iframe align="right" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B0015DROBO&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="height: 245px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 5px; width: 131px;"><iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&amp;o=1&amp;p=8&amp;l=bpl&amp;asins=B003KUSUG8&amp;fc1=000000&amp;IS2=1&amp;lt1=_blank&amp;m=amazon&amp;lc1=0000FF&amp;bc1=000000&amp;bg1=FFFFFF&amp;f=ifr" style="padding-top: 5px; width: 131px; height: 245px; padding-right: 10px;" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" align="right" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"><iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&amp;o=1&amp;p=8&amp;l=bpl&amp;asins=B0015T963C&amp;fc1=000000&amp;IS2=1&amp;lt1=_blank&amp;m=amazon&amp;lc1=0000FF&amp;bc1=000000&amp;bg1=FFFFFF&amp;f=ifr" style="padding-top: 5px; width: 131px; height: 245px; padding-right: 10px;" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" align="right" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"><iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&amp;o=1&amp;p=8&amp;l=bpl&amp;asins=B002ZG9788&amp;fc1=000000&amp;IS2=1&amp;lt1=_blank&amp;m=amazon&amp;lc1=0000FF&amp;bc1=000000&amp;bg1=FFFFFF&amp;f=ifr" style="padding-top: 5px; width: 131px; height: 245px; padding-right: 10px;" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" align="right" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"><iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&amp;o=1&amp;p=8&amp;l=bpl&amp;asins=B003N7NQ5S&amp;fc1=000000&amp;IS2=1&amp;lt1=_blank&amp;m=amazon&amp;lc1=0000FF&amp;bc1=000000&amp;bg1=FFFFFF&amp;f=ifr" style="padding-top: 5px; width: 131px; height: 245px; padding-right: 10px;" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" align="right" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></td></tr>
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<div align="justify"><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Representatives of 193 UNESCO members have passed a resolution on the participation in the grand ceremony to mark the millennial anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoi in October, 2010. </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The adoption was made at the 35 th UNESCO General Assembly session on Oct. 22. </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> According to Pham Sanh Chau, Head of the Foreign Ministry’s Foreign Relations Culture and UNSECO, UNESCO participation in the event is not only an honour for the Hanoians but also for all Vietnamese people. </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The news, together with the election of Vietnam to UNESCO’s executive council for the 2009-2013 period, prove the international community’s recognition to the Southeast Asian country’s role, position and contributions to UNESCO./.</span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-2100055252770825792010-07-29T03:42:00.001-07:002010-07-29T23:31:41.888-07:00Online dialogue deepens capital’s traditional values<span class="noidung_gioithieu">An online dialogue themed “1000 years of Thang Long-Hanoi - Traditional values” was held on Oct. 18, helping readers better understand historical and cultural traditions as well as valuable heritages of Thang Long-Hanoi.<iframe align="right" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B0015DROBO&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="height: 245px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 5px; width: 131px;"></iframe><iframe align="right" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B003KUSUG8&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="height: 245px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 5px; width: 131px;"></iframe></span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The online dialogue, organised by the Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper, is part of a plan toward the millennium of Thang Long-Hanoi.</span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> During three hours, readers raised over 200 questions relating to the one-pillar pagoda, the architectural space of the ancient Thang Long citadel, relics, as well as former names of Hanoi and important figures who made contributions to Thang Long-Hanoi.</span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The organising board selected and answered 20 questions. The remaining questions will further be answered and posted onto on the CPV online newspaper./.</span>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-91291407207234607222010-07-29T03:41:00.002-07:002010-07-29T23:32:14.876-07:00Online dialogue deepens capital’s traditional values<span class="noidung_gioithieu"><iframe align="right" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=1000thannhano-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B0039TD7PY&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="height: 245px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 5px; width: 131px;"></iframe>An online dialogue themed “1000 years of Thang Long-Hanoi - Traditional values” was held on Oct. 18, helping readers better understand historical and cultural traditions as well as valuable heritages of Thang Long-Hanoi.</span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The online dialogue, organised by the Communist Party of Vietnam Online Newspaper, is part of a plan toward the millennium of Thang Long-Hanoi.</span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> During three hours, readers raised over 200 questions relating to the one-pillar pagoda, the architectural space of the ancient Thang Long citadel, relics, as well as former names of Hanoi and important figures who made contributions to Thang Long-Hanoi.</span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br />
<span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The organising board selected and answered 20 questions. The remaining questions will further be answered and posted onto on the CPV online newspaper./.</span>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-28553272583884599292010-07-29T03:41:00.001-07:002010-07-29T03:41:46.652-07:00Hanoi plays host of national tourism year 2010<div align="justify"><span class="noidung_gioithieu">A ceremony was held in Hanoi on the evening of Oct. 10 to celebrate the 999th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoi and announce the Year of National Tourism 2010. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Present at the event, hosted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, were Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Sinh Hung and Secretary of the Hanoi Party Committee Pham Quang Nghi and Chairman of the Hanoi People’s Committee Nguyen The Thao. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Close to 1,000 artists, actors and actresses entertained local audiences with special art performances that feature the most typical cultural characters of Thang Long-Hanoi and promote the city’s friendly and attractive images to visitors. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> In connection with celebrations of the capital’s 1,000th founding anniversary, the Year of National Tourism 2010 will include nine major programmes and almost 30 activities combining tourism with culture and sports. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> This will be a chance for the city’s tourism industry to improve the quality of its services, facilities and human resources, in a bid to become an attractive tourist destination in the region and the world at large./.</span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-80114731816864885472010-07-29T03:40:00.001-07:002010-07-29T03:40:16.162-07:00Contest about Thang Long-Hanoi launched in LaosA contest on knowledge about the heroic, thousand-year old city of Thang Long-Hanoi was launched in Vientiane on November 4.<br /><br />Speaking at the ceremony, Hanoi Moi newspaper editor-in-chief Ho Quang Loi laid stress on the national scale of the contest which is expected to conclude in October, 2010 in coincide with the 1000-year anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoi.<br /><br />The contest, which is first being launched outside Vietnam , will motivate participants to learn more about the history of the ancient city of Thang Long , now Hanoi , and about Vietnam ’s people, Loi said.<br /><br />The contest will also be a chance for Vietnamese at home and abroad to express their patriotism for their fatherland, he added.<br /><br />According to editor-in-chief Loi, the deployment of the contest in Laos is an important event, contributing to increasing the special friendship and comprehensive cooperation between Vietnam and Laos .<br /><br />Also on November 4, representatives from Hanoi Moi newspaper and New Vientiane newspaper signed a Memorandum of Understanding which focuses on increasing bilateral cooperation between the two newspapers through the exchange of visits, personnel training and the provision of equipment and technology.<br /><br />The two sides also agreed to work together to promote the millennial anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoi and the 450-year history of Vientiane through their newspapers for the sake of increasing public awareness in each country on the other’s land and people./.1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-31966682371665374192010-07-29T03:39:00.003-07:002010-07-29T03:39:52.395-07:00Flower festival draws in 3 million visitors<table style="border-width: 0px; float: left; width: 310px;" padding="0" spacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="border-color: White; border-width: 0px; text-align: center;"><p><img id="ctl00_mContent_imgImage" src="http://en.hanoi.vietnamplus.vn/avatar.aspx?ID=580&at=0&ts=300&lm=633982017131870000" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px;" /></p></td></tr> <tr><td style="border-color: White; border-width: 0px; text-align: center;" width="300px" align="center"><br /></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p> <span id="ctl00_mContent_lbContinue"></span> </p><div align="justify"><span class="noidung_gioithieu">Almost 3 million locals and foreigners flocked to Hoan Kiem Lake to join a flower festival, the 2nd of its kind in Hanoi , which was held from Dec. 30 to Jan. 3. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Not only an event to welcome the New Year, the festival was also one of 80 events to be organised by the Culture, Sports and Tourism Department to celebrate the millennium anniversary of Hanoi in 2010. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The festival ended on the evening of Jan. 3, with a tea offering ceremony in front of the statue of King Ly Thai To. Artisans presented know-how to embalm tea with lotus fragrance, infuse and enjoy tea of different kinds. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The closing ceremony was of more significance as visitors had a chance to enjoy traditional folk songs from Kinh Bac (now Bac Ninh province) – the native land of King Ly Thai To who founded the capital city of Thang Long a thousand years ago. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Organisers said three new Vietnam Guinness Records, which were put on show at the festival, were recognised. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The records were granted for the longest train on an ao dai (traditional dress), the biggest rattan vase of lotus flowers and the biggest shell-inlaid wooden block presenting a royal proclamation by King Ly Thai To. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> While flower designer Nguyen Manh Hung used up to 1,000 flowers to form the 10m-long train on the traditional dress, artisan Nguyen Phuong Quang from Hanoi ’s Chuong My district spent more than two years on the 6.5m-high rattan vase. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The 1.9m high and 1.3m-wide royal proclamation was completed by veteran artisan Tran Ba Nam from Hanoi ’s Phu Xuyen village, who spent three years on the work. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The royal proclamation made by King Ly in 1010 states that the country’s capital will be relocated from Hoa Lu (in Ninh Binh province) to Thang Long (the former name of Hanoi ). </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> During the five-day event, visitors were enabled to see some of Hanoi ’s typical images, including the Temple of Literature and Long Bien Bridge . Replicas of these works were created from flowers and displayed at the festival. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> At the festival, visitors saw a 6m-high tower with nine dragons curving around and up, created from flowers and fruits, which represents 215 years of power of the Ly dynasty. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> A tulip carpet, created from 22,000 tulips donated by the Dutch Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Gerda Verburg, attracted many visitors. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> A flower show, entitled One Thousand Years of Thang Long – One Thousand Flowers Bloom took place on Dec. 31 at the festival. The contest gathered competitors from 29 districts in the city./.</span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2016990705356564271.post-51048026189951833052010-07-29T03:39:00.001-07:002010-07-29T03:39:25.096-07:00Flower power pulls crowds<table style="border-width: 0px; float: left; width: 310px;" padding="0" spacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="border-color: White; border-width: 0px; text-align: center;"><p><img id="ctl00_mContent_imgImage" src="http://en.hanoi.vietnamplus.vn/avatar.aspx?ID=581&at=0&ts=300&lm=634007152440000000" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px;" /></p></td></tr> <tr><td style="border-color: White; border-width: 0px; text-align: center;" width="300px" align="center"><br /></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p> <span id="ctl00_mContent_lbContinue"></span> </p><div align="justify"><span class="noidung_gioithieu">Thousands of Hanoians and foreign tourists flocked to Hoan Kiem Lake to contemplate the hundreds of thousands of flowers displayed at the capital’s second flower festival, which kicked off on Dec. 30. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Not only an event to welcome the forthcoming New Year, the festival is also one of 80 events in the city organised by the Culture, Sports and Tourism Department to celebrate the 1,000 th anniversary of Hanoi in 2010. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Speaking at the opening ceremony, Deputy Chairwoman of Hanoi People’s Committee Ngo Thi Thanh Hang said that the event also aimed to highlight the refined flower hobby of Hanoians and promote Hanoi ’s culture. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> “The festival will be memorable event for local residents and foreign tourists,” she said. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> Three new Vietnam Guinness Records, which are on display at the festival, were recognised at the ceremony. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The records were granted for the longest train on an ao dai (traditional dress), the biggest rattan vase of lotus flowers and the biggest shell-inlaid wooden block presenting a royal proclamation by King Ly Thai To. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> While flower designer Nguyen Manh Hung used up to 1,000 flowers to form the 10m-long train on the traditional dress, artisan Nguyen Phuong Quang from Hanoi ’s Chuong My district spent more than two years on the 6.5m-high rattan vase. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> The 1.9m high and 1.3m-wide royal proclamation was completed by veteran artisan Tran Ba Nam from Hanoi ’s Phu Xuyen village, who spent three years on the work. The royal proclamation made by King Ly in 1010 states that the country’s capital will be relocated from Hoa Lu (in Ninh Binh province) to Thang Long (the former name of Hanoi ). </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> During the five-day event, visitors will also have a chance to see some of Hanoi ’s typical images, including the Temple of Literature and Long Bien Bridge . Replicas of these works have been created from flowers and are on display at the festival. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> At the festival, visitors can see a 6m-high tower with nine dragons curving around and up, created from flowers and fruits, which represents 215 years of power of the Ly dynasty. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> A tulip carpet, created from 22,000 tulips donated by the Dutch Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, Gerda Verburg, has attracted many visitors. </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> </span><br /><span class="noidung_gioithieu"> A flower show, entitled One Thousand Years of Thang Long – One Thousand Flowers Bloom will be held on Dec. 31 at the festival. The contest will gather competitors from 29 districts in the city, and all of the award-winning flower creations will be presented./.</span></div>1,000th anniversary of Thang Long-Hanoihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13239368160550962892noreply@blogger.com0